AVI Izixhobo

Kuba ingaphambili kwabo ngeminyaka emininzi. AVI yifayile ye RIFF yesiqendu: ukulandelana okuthe tyaba kwesandi esidityanisiweyo kunye nevidiyo yesiqendu kunye nesalathisi esibophelelayo kwisiphelo. Akukho mbono we frame rate etshintshayo, akukho ndawo yokubeka umbhobho wesihloko esingaphantsi, kwaye isalathisi sisizathu sokuba ifayile ecutiweyo ayizukukhangela nanini na. Yonke into ebuhlungu malunga nefomati ilandelela kwakhona kuyilo. AVI yiMicrosoft's Audio Video Interleave, enikezelwe ngowe-1992 phezulu kwe RIFF chunk format - enye yezinto ezidala ezigcinwe zihlala zijikeleza. I-AVI ayinakuxhaswa kwe-codecs ekutsha, i-frame rate etshintshayo, izihloko ezimfutshane ezimdaka okanye iifayile ezingaphezulu kwe-4 GB ngaphandle kwe-hacks, kwaye i-chunk nganye i-overhead ikhupha ifayili.

Kuba ifomati ilula ngokwaneleyo ukubhala ngexesha elibonakalayo kwizixhobo zekhompyutha ezincinci, kwaye kuba udidi lwezixhobo zokufumana imifanekiso zakhiwa ngaphaya kwayo kwaye azikho zihlaziyiwe. Isixhobo asiyenzanga umgangatho wokuziphatha, sibhala into eyaziyo ifirmware yayo. Oku kubangela ukuba ezifayile zikhulu kuba ziquka kwaye kutheni ukuguqula kuzo kukuqala into oyenzayo umntu.

Iibrawuzeri zithutha abacoci boluhlu olufutshane lweefomati, kwaye AVI ayikho kuyo - ilayisensi, udidi lwe codec ivumela, okanye ubudala bayo bugcina ngaphandle. Ifayile ayilahli kwaye umdlali we desktop uya kuyivula, kodwa akukho nto oyenzayo kwiphepha izakwenza umkhangeli zincwadi uyenze. Ukutshintsha kwi web- native container yindlela ethembekileyo kuphela yokudlala ngaphakathi.

Kuba idityaniswe. Imixholo kule fomati ihlala ivela kwixesha le-DVD, apho iframe nganye igcinwa njengemihlaba emibini ephakathi- ubude ethathwe njengeshumi elinesixhenxe lemizuzu. Ikhusi eliqhubekekayo libonisa zombini ngaxeshanye, ngoko intshukumo phakathi kweemboniselo ezimbini ibonakala njenge combing ethe tyaba. Ukususa udityaniswe kuguqulelo ludibanisa imihlaba kwiframes ezipheleleyo kwaye i-artefact iphela.

Umgangatho wefomati ye-cage, hayi ingxaki kwi-recorder. AVI inemida esebenzayo yefayili enye ehamba phambili okanye i-bitrate ephezulu yezinto ezihamba phambili, ngoko usetyenziso lokuthatha luhlula ushicilelo ngaphezu kokwenza ifayile engakhange ikhoyo. Ukutshintsha kwi-container engenalo umda onjalo kuvumela iinxalenye ukuba ziphinde zidityaniswe kwividiyo eqhubekayo enye, ehlala ibangela eyiyo abantu ukutshintsha le fomati.

Kuba ikhowudi iguqulwa kwinkqubo yekhompyutha. Izixhobo zokufaka ikhowudi zevidiyo ziquka kuphela uluhlu oluqinileyo lweefomati, kwaye AVI ingaphandle kwayo kwizixhobo ezininzi, ngoko ke iframe nganye ibuyiselwa kwakhona yi-CPU endaweni yayo. Kwidesktop yangoku elahlekile; kwifowuni, ilaptop edala okanye i-smart TV ibonisa njengee-frames ezilahlekileyo, intshukumo ye-fan kunye nokutshaya kwebhetri. Ukuguqula kwifomati exhaswe yi-hardware isusa ingxaki ngokupheleleyo. Iifayili ze-AVI zingaphambili kunee-codecs ezitsha: lindele i-MPEG-4 Inxalenye ye-2 (DivX/Xvid), i-Motion JPEG okanye iifayili ezingenakucothayo ezingenakucothayo kunokuba i-H.264.

Ukuba into ephantsi kwendlela ifuna oku. Ifomati iyaqhubeka ivula, kwaye akukho mcimbi wokuguqula uvimba ongazibangela iingxaki, kodwa ayikwazi ukuqhubeka apho isixhobo okanye usebenziso luya khona. Kwanoma iyiphi into entsha, ifomati yangoku ayihlawuli nto engaphezulu kwaye ikhusela umjikelo olandelayo wombuzo kwiminyaka emininzi ezayo.

Guqula i-AVI ibe yi-MP4 xa ufuna ukudlala okubanzi — ii-browser ze-web, ii-smart TVs kunye neenkqubo zokuhlela zonke zidlala i-MP4 ngokusemthethweni. Guqula ibe yi-WebM ukudibanisa kwi-web apho ubungakanani befayili obuncinci bubalulekile. Guqula ibe yi-MOV xa usebenza kwi-Final Cut okanye kwezinye ii-Apple-native pipelines.

Xa umbhalo-mbhalo ovela kumbhalo-mbhalo ngaphakathi kwe-AVI uhambelana nendawo emiselweyo yokugcina siyiguqula ngaphandle kokuyiguqula kwakhona (ikhawulezayo, engenakulahleka). Xa umbhalo-mbhalo utshintsha (umzekelo, i-HEVC ukuya kwi-H.264) ividiyo iguqulwa kwakhona — ihamba phantsi, ngexabiso elincinci lomgangatho wexesha elidlulileyo.