AMR Isiguquli

Tshintsha AMR kuya futhi kusuka kumafomethi ahlukahlukene

Mayelana AMR

I-AMR iyi-codec yokukhuluma ehlobene nokurekhodwa kwezwi kanye nokuxhuma, ngakho-ke umculo uzwakala ubuhlungu kulo.

Ukusetshenziswa Okuvamile

Voice recordings
Mobile audio
Telephony

AMR Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Yokuguqulwa

Yini ihele lomsindo le-AMR?

I-AMR iyi-narrow-band speech codec esetshenziswa kuqala yi-2G/3G mobile networks. I-AMR iqoqa umsindo ocacile nge-bitrates ephansi kakhulu futhi ivame ukutholakala emiyalezo yezwi, ukurekhodwa kwe-push-to-talk, kanye nama-memos omsindo wefoni edala. I-AMR yenza ukurekhodwa kwezwi kube ncane kakhulu - ihora lokuxoxa lifaka ama-megabytes ambalwa - futhi yilokho okunye amafoni amaningi aqhubeka nokurekhoda ukufona.

Ingabe ubuhle bulahlekile kuhele AMR?

Noma yini oyenzayo umbhalo-mbhalo oqale uthathe isigqibo sokuyisusa, futhi ayikwazi ukubuyiselwa. AMR icindezela ngokumodela lokho okungeke kuphawulwe yindlebe - imisindo ehlanzekile ehlala ngaphansi kwezikhulu, iziqongo ezisezindaweni zokulalela - futhi isuse ngokuqhubekayo. Ku-bitrate ephephile engeke ikwazi ukulizwa yinoma ngubani. Okungaba khona kungahle kubuyiselwe emuva, ngakho ukushintshana kufomethi engalahleki igcina isimo samanje ngaphezu kokubuyisela okuqale. I-AMR iyi-narrowband speech codec esebenza phakathi kuka-4.75 no-12.2 kbps, emodela i-human vocal tract ngaphezu kwe-audio spectrum ephelele.

Kungani i-AMR yami yokurekhoda izwakala incane uma iqhathaniswa nomculo?

Ngenxa yokuthi ayikho into eyenza ukuthi ithathe umculo. AMR yi-narrowband speech codec eyenziwe ngezintambo zeselula, ehlobene nokugcina amagama acacile ku-bitrate elinganiselwa kuma-kilobits we-digit eyodwa. Konke okungaphandle kwezinga lezwi lomuntu kulahlekile ngesikhathi sokuqapha. Ukushintshana kufomethi egcwele-izinga ligcina ukurekhodwa kusebenziseka kuwo wonke amathuluzi, kodwa ayikho into engeza emuva ama-frequencies angeke asampuliwe. I-AMR ibulala umculo: i-8 kHz bandwidth yayo isusa konke okuphezulu kwe-frequency yefoni, futhi akukho inani lokuphindeka kokucofa liyibuyisela emuva.

Ingabe amafayela AMR avame ukuvelaphi?

Ama-voicemail systems, push-to-talk radios, old handsets and telephony recording — lapho i-audio idinga ukuhamba khona ngaphezu kwe-channel encane, ebiza kakhulu. Lo mzali uchaza ukuthi kungani amafayela encane nokuthi kungani ezwakala ngendlela ayenza ngayo. Ukushintshana kwenza ukuthi badlala kwisofthiwe ejwayelekile; ayisebenzi, futhi ayikwazi, ukufaka ukuthembeka okuncane okungekho. I-AMR iyi-Adaptive Multi-Rate, i-codec yokukhuluma i-3GPP ejwayelekile yezingcingo zokukhuluma ze-GSM nezinhlelo zokurekhoda amagama ezimoto.

Kungani ihele lami AMR livela ngaphandle kwegama lesiqongo noma isithombe?

Ngenxa yokuthi ifomu alikho indawo efanele yokuzigcina. AMR yacaciswa ngaso sonke isikhathi ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngaphandle kwendawo ejwayelekile yesihloko, i-album noma isithombe sokuzivikela, ngakho abadlali babuyela emuva ukukhombisa igama lefayela. Ukushintsha kufomethi ephawuliwe kwenza i-library ifinyeleleke — amathegi abhalwe ngesikhathi sokuguqulwa ngaphezu kokubuyiselwa, ngakho-ke cabanga ukugcwalisa noma yini ekhona emthombo awuzange uthwale.

Ingabe kufanele ngigcine amafayela amasha njenge AMR?

Uma nje kukhona okuthile okudingayo. Ifomethi ivuliwe, futhi akukho sidingo sokushintsha ingobo yomlando ongeke ukwenze kube nzima, kodwa akuyona indawo lapho ithuluzi noma umphumela uhamba khona. Kunoma yini entsha, ifomethi yamanje ayidingi lutho olungeziwe futhi ivimbela ukulandelana kwesifundo seminyaka emincane kusukela manje.

Kungani ihele AMR alidlalwa kumsakazo wami?

Amabhuleki aqokomisa uhlu oluncane, oluqinile lwefomethi yomsindo futhi AMR lungaphandle kwalo, ngakho ihele likhuphuka endaweni yokudlala noma umdlali ukhombisa iphutha. Isofthiwe yedesktop enesethingi se-codec esibanzi ivula ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Uma umsindo udlala kukhasi le-web, ukushintsha kuyinto elungile — akukho ukumiswa komdlali kuzongeza umqokomisi oqokomisa umsindo umbhukeli awuthumeli.

Yini i-bitrate okufanele ngiyiguqule amafayela ami AMR?

Uhlu lwendawo esiya kuyo, hhayi umsuka. Ukudlalwa kwengoma, 256 kuya ku-320 kbps kucacile kuwo wonke umuntu olalelayo; ukukhuluma nokulalela ipodcasts, 96 kuya ku-128 kbps kuningi futhi kushiya ihele ngaphesheya. Ukungenisa umsindo ngaphezu komsuka we-bitrate kulahlekile isikhala — kugcina umsindo osele udlulele nge-lossy pass futhi akubuyiseli lutho umngenisi wokuqala olahlekile.

Ingabe i-AMR ilahlekelwa noma ayilahlekelwanga?

I-AMR ilahlekelwa — umbhalo-mbhalo ususa idatha umbhalo-mbhalo ucabanga ukuthi ayikwazi ukulinganiswa ukuze ifike kubungakanani befayela elincane.

Yini okufanele ngiguqule i-AMR ibe yiyo ukuze ngiyihlukanise?

Ukuthumela i-imeyili kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwemidiya yomphakathi, guqula i-AMR ibe yi-MP3 — ukusakazwa okuphelele nobukhulu befayela elincane. Ukusabalalisa okuphezulu-nokuzinikela nabangani besandi, guqula ube yi-FLAC noma i-WAV ukuze ugcine ukhwalithi yokuqala.